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English (ODonnell) College Prep Argumentative Essay: Putting In-Text Citations in Your Paper

College Prep Argumentative Essay (Research & Writing)

In-text Citations

In-text citations are also sometimes called parenthetical references or parenthetical citations. This type of citation goes in the body of your paper BUT it must also match with information that is in your Works Cited page.

American militias are another group of increasingly visible, violent, usually white guys. Militias are private citizens who train with guns to defend their state or country in times of emergency, though they have pretty wide-ranging ideas of what emergencies are (Cauley).

Keep in mind for in-text citations: 

  • In-text citations include the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. "Here's a direct quote" (Smith 8).
  • If the author's name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title. Follow the same formatting that was used in the works cited list, such as quotation marks. This is a paraphrase ("Trouble" 22).
  • If there is no page number, you just record the author’s name: (Smith)
  • If there are two authors, record both author's names: (Smith and Matthews 8). 
  • If there are three or more authors, record the first author's name and write et al.: (Smith et al.) 

Don't forget that you want to always cite direct quotations and any factual/researched information that you present. 

You can't have an in-text citation without a citation for that SAME source on your Works Cited page.

Cauley, Kashana. "A Culture of Violent White Guys." Gale Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2019. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/ESZGDK918127065/OVIC?u=cice26272&sid=OVIC&xid=d755b6e2. Accessed 3 Oct. 2019. Originally published as "A Culture of Violent White Guys," The New Republic, 29 Mar. 2018.

NoodleTools will create your in-text citations for you!

Get rid of the brackets and page number, and you are good to go!

Trust the process!